Type Conversion and Type Casting in Python

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 Type Conversion and Type Casting

 Type Conversion and Type Casting in Python refer to the process of changing the data type of a variable or value from one data type to another. Python provides several built-in functions for type conversion and casting.

 Here are some of the most commonly used methods:

int()

float()

 str()

 bool() 

1. Implicit Type Conversion (Coercion): Python performs automatic type conversion when an operation involves operands of different data types. For example, when you add an integer and a floating-point number, Python will automatically convert the integer to a float to perform the addition. This is called implicit type conversion, and it happens automatically.


   int_num = 5

   float_num = 2.5

   result = int_num + float_num  # Automatic conversion of int to float

  


2. Explicit Type Conversion (Type Casting): You can explicitly convert one data type to another using functions like int(), float(), str(), etc. This is useful when you want to control the conversion yourself.


   - To convert to an integer:


     float_num = 2.5

     int_num = int(float_num)

    


   - To convert to a floating-point number:


     int_num = 5

     float_num = float(int_num)

    


   - To convert to a string:


     value = 42

     str_value = str(value)

     


3. Type Checking and Conversion:

   You can also check the type of a variable using the `type()` function and then convert it accordingly.


   value = "123"

   if isinstance(value, str):

       value = int(value)

  

It's important to be aware of potential data loss or unexpected results when performing type conversion, especially when converting between different data types. Be sure to handle exceptions or validate the data to avoid runtime errors or unintended behavior in your code.

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